The Nurses Role in Child Maltreatment Prevention :: Child Abuse Prevention

Nurses who regularly see pincerren in their give are currently treating victims of child outcry, including sexual yell and neglect, whether they know it or not. The causes of child abuse and neglect are complex and varied, and occur in all types of families and settings. Nurses must always remain alert to the possibility that abuse whitethorn be occurring in any family, regardless of their socioeconomic status. Nationally, in 1993, averages of 42.9 children per 1,000 were reported to authorities as victims of alleged abuse or neglect. A 1995 Gallop Poll of 1,000 parents yielded the estimate that 3 million U.S. children were victims of physical abuse by their parents, or about 44 per 1,000 children (The future of children, 1998). Child characteristics may include, the child was prematurely born, the child has disabilities, either mentally or physically, the child exhibits certain behaviors of infancy and childhood, such as persistent crying, the child is chronically ill, and t he child has already been victimized. Family characteristics may include, there is other violence in the home, substances, including alcohol, are abused by the parents or caretakers, the parents of caretakers lack necessary maturity, skills or knowledge to care for the child, parental expectations are inconsistent with the childs developmental abilities, the caretaker is socially isolated, the family is experiencing high levels of stress from events such as sledding of a job, increased financial burdens, serious illness, death in the family, disengagement or divorce, adult members of the family have themselves been abused as children (Ohio State medical examination Association, 1992). Definitions of the major forms of maltreatment are as follows Physical Abuse- An act of representation by a caregiver that results or is likely to result in physical harm, including death of a child. Examples of physical abuse acts include kicking, biting, shaking, stabbing, or punching of a chil d. Sexual Abuse- An act of commission, including intrusion or penetration, molestation with venereal contact, or other forms of sexual acts in which children are used to appropriate sexual gratification for the perpetrator. This type of abuse also includes acts such as sexual exploitation and child pornography. Neglect- An act of omission by a parent or caretaker that involves refusal or delay in providing health care, chastening to provide basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, affection, and attention, inadequate inspection or abandonment. Emotional Abuse- An act of commission or omission that includes rejecting, isolating, terrorizing, ignoring, or corrupting a child.